The film follows a group of circus performers, known as "freaks," including a conjoined twin duo, a legless man, and a bearded lady. The story revolves around their lives and the dynamics within the circus community. The plot thickens when the beautiful trapeze artist, Cleopatra (played by Olga Baclanova), becomes romantically involved with the wealthy "normal" man Hans (played by Harry Earles), who is infatuated with her. Cleopatra's intentions, however, are deceitful, leading to a shocking betrayal that culminates in a harrowing climax.
Browning's decision to cast real circus performers with physical differences adds an unparalleled authenticity to the film. This choice not only challenges the audience's perceptions of beauty and humanity but also creates an emotional connection between the viewers and the characters. The film presents these individuals as complex human beings, highlighting their desires, dreams, and vulnerabilities, which serves to humanize them in a way that was groundbreaking for its time.
The cinematography by Merritt B. Gerstad effectively captures the surreal and unsettling atmosphere of the circus, contrasting the vibrant performances with the darker undertones of betrayal and revenge. The film's pacing allows for moments of both levity and tension, providing a well-rounded narrative experience. The use of close-ups accentuates the performers' unique features, further emphasizing their individuality and humanity.
Freaks is often regarded as a horror film, but its true essence lies in its exploration of societal norms and the concept of monstrosity. The real horror of the film emerges not from the physical appearances of the characters but from the cruelty and manipulation exhibited by those deemed "normal." The film serves as a critique of societal standards that ostracize and exploit individuals who do not conform to conventional beauty.
The climax of Freaks is particularly notable, as it turns the narrative on its head, with the "freaks" banding together to exact revenge on Cleopatra for her betrayal. This moment serves as a powerful statement about solidarity and the strength found in community. It challenges viewers to reconsider their definitions of morality and monstrosity, forcing them to confront their biases and assumptions.
Despite its groundbreaking themes, Freaks faced significant backlash upon its release. The film was met with controversy and censorship, with many theaters refusing to screen it. Over the years, however, it has gained recognition as a cult classic and an important work in cinema history. Its influence can be seen in numerous films and artistic movements that seek to challenge societal norms and advocate for inclusivity.
In conclusion, Freaks (1932) remains a thought-provoking and provocative film that transcends its era. Through its unique characters, powerful performances, and exploration of themes related to identity and societal norms, it challenges audiences to confront their biases and reevaluate their understanding of beauty and humanity. Tod Browning's masterful direction and the film's haunting narrative ensure that Freaks continues to resonate with viewers today, serving as a reminder of the importance of acceptance and empathy.
