The film unfolds in four separate but interrelated stories: the ancient Babylonian tale, the life of Christ, the French Revolution, and a modern-day story set in the early 20th century. Each narrative highlights how intolerance manifests in different contexts, affecting the lives of the characters involved. This thematic exploration of love in the face of societal pressures and prejudices serves as the film's central message.
In the Babylonian segment, we see the tragic love story of a noblewoman, Belshazzar (played by Seena Owen), and a commoner, Sogdianus (played by G. H. F. B. Parker). Their love is thwarted by the oppressive laws of the time, showcasing the destructive nature of intolerance. The lavish set design and intricate costumes transport viewers to a bygone era, highlighting Griffith's commitment to historical accuracy and detail.
The film then shifts to the life of Christ, depicting his crucifixion and the societal intolerance he faced. This segment is notable for its emotional weight and powerful imagery, as Griffith employs cross-cutting to juxtapose the suffering of Christ with the other narratives, underscoring the pervasive nature of intolerance throughout history.
In the French Revolution segment, we witness the struggle of a young couple whose love is tested by the tumultuous events of the time. The film captures the chaos and violence of the revolution, highlighting how societal upheaval can fracture personal relationships. The grand scale of the crowd scenes and the use of practical effects further immerse viewers in this historical moment.
The modern-day narrative revolves around a young couple whose love is threatened by societal judgment and class differences. This storyline resonates with contemporary audiences, illustrating that the struggle against intolerance is not confined to the past but continues to this day. Griffith's innovative editing techniques, including parallel editing and close-ups, enhance the emotional impact of this segment.
One of the most remarkable aspects of Intolerance is its technical achievements. The film features elaborate set designs, intricate costumes, and groundbreaking special effects, setting a new standard for cinematic production. Griffith's use of camera angles, lighting, and editing creates a visually stunning experience that captivates viewers.
However, Intolerance is not without its controversies. While it is hailed as a monumental work in film history, it also reflects Griffith's problematic portrayal of race and his use of racist stereotypes in his previous film, The Birth of a Nation (1915). This aspect has sparked significant debate among film scholars and audiences, prompting discussions about the complexities of Griffith's legacy.
In summary, Intolerance: Love's Struggle Throughout the Ages (1916) is a monumental film that tackles the theme of intolerance through interconnected stories spanning different historical periods. With its innovative filmmaking techniques, grand visuals, and emotional narratives, the film remains a landmark in cinema history, prompting reflection on the enduring struggle for love and acceptance against the backdrop of societal prejudice.
